Empagliflozin: an exciting prospect in the treatment of diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to be a chronic and disabling disease that is associated with high mortality and morbidity. The epidemic burden of diabetes mellitus has increased in developing countries and Asia is considered as the “diabetic epicentre”. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is characterised by reduced secretion of insulin from pancreatic beta cells independently or associated with reduced response of peripheral tissues to circulating insulin. A proper glycaemic control is essential to delay the micro and macrovascular complications of T2DM. Standard anti-diabetic agents including insulin happen to induce minor to major adverse outcomes in certain populations over prolonged period of administration. Hence there has been a compelling need to develop newer and novel approach to treatment of T2DM. Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are a novel category of drugs that happen to reduce glycaemic overload by inducing glycosuria. The safety, efficacy and tolerability profile of these drugs were studied separately under various trials and was approved for use in August 2014 by US-FDA. This review is an attempt to describe the history of SGLT-2 inhibitors, their mechanism of action, safety and efficacy as well as its current status among anti-diabetic agents. 

A CORRECT PROTOCOLS REPLACE FOR MATCHING NETWORK FILE SYSTEMS

While using the growing use of very network-attached storage systems, several works has focussed on scalable security. Our purpose should be to design ingenious in addition to secure techniques of authenticated key exchange which will get together particular requirements of parallel Network File System.  Our work concentrates on present Internet standards particularly parallel Network File System using Kerberos to start parallel session keys among clients and storage products. We create a study of impracticality of key establishment for efficient many-to-many communications. The suggested techniques can decrease workload of metadata server by way of about 50 % when compared with provide Kerberos-based protocol, whereas achieving needed security characteristics in addition to keeping computational overhead at clients and storage products at practically low-level

Location-based Automatic Payment Prompts for Merchant Payments

Initiating digital payment to a merchant via a payment app requires users to scan a code identifying the merchant’s payment identifier. Scanning QR codes requires explicit user action, and can be time-consuming, cumbersome, and error-prone, especially in busy stores. The absence of prominently displayed QR codes at some merchant establishments further complicates the process. This disclosure describes techniques that improve the process of initiating digital payments to a merchant. With user permission, location-based triggers are used to determine likely payment intent and automatically provide a suitable prompt to the user, thus eliminating the need for manual scan of QR codes. The merchant payment address can also be automatically identified, and multi-merchant payment prompts provided when appropriate

Observation of direct and indirect magnetoelectricity in lead free ferroelectric (Na 0.5Bi 0.5TiO 3)-magnetostrictive (CoFe 2O 4) particulate composite

A particulate composite consisting of 65 mol. % Na 0.5Bi 0.5TiO 3 and 35 mol. % CoFe 2O 4 was synthesized, and it's structure, microstructure, ferroelectric, magnetostrictive, magnetic, and direct/indirect magnetoelectric properties were studied. The composite showed different magnetization behaviour under electrically poled and un-poled conditions. The percentage change in magnetization as a result of poling is approximately -15% at 500 Oe magnetic field. Magnetostriction measurements displayed a value of λ 11 = -57 × 10 -6 and piezomagnetic coefficient δλ 11/δH = 0.022 × 10 -6 kOe -1 at 2.2 kOe for the composite. The maximum magnetoelectric output varied from 1350 mV/cm to 2000 mV/cm with change in the electrical poling condition

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel phosphonyl thiazolo pyrazoles

867-876A series of novel dimethyl 7-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-oxo-8-phenyl-6-thia-1,2,8-triazaspiro[4.4]non-2-en-3-ylphosphonate 11a-g have been synthesized by the reaction of chalcone derivatives of (E)-5-benzylidene-2-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one 10a-g with Bestmen Ohira reagent. The chemical structures of newly synthesized compounds have been elucidated by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The compounds 11a-g have been evaluated for their nematicidal activity against Dietylenchus myceliophagus and Caenorhabditis elegans. Compound 11b, 11c, 11g and 11f show appreciable nematicidal activity

Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel phosphonyl thiazolo pyrazoles

A series of novel dimethyl 7-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-4-(4-fluorophenyl)-9-oxo-8-phenyl-6-thia-1,2,8-triazaspiro[4.4]non-2-en-3-ylphosphonate 11a-g have been synthesized by the reaction of chalcone derivatives of (E)-5-benzylidene-2-((2S,3S)-3-((1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-3-phenylthiazolidin-4-one 10a-g with Bestmen Ohira reagent. The chemical structures of newly synthesized compounds have been elucidated by IR, NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The compounds 11a-g have been evaluated for their nematicidal activity against Dietylenchus myceliophagus and Caenorhabditis elegans. Compound 11b, 11c, 11g and 11f show appreciable nematicidal activity

Automating Vascular Shunt Insertion with the dVRK Surgical Robot

Vascular shunt insertion is a fundamental surgical procedure used to temporarily restore blood flow to tissues. It is often performed in the field after major trauma. We formulate a problem of automated vascular shunt insertion and propose a pipeline to perform Automated Vascular Shunt Insertion (AVSI) using a da Vinci Research Kit. The pipeline uses a learned visual model to estimate the locus of the vessel rim, plans a grasp on the rim, and moves to grasp at that point. The first robot gripper then pulls the rim to stretch open the vessel with a dilation motion. The second robot gripper then proceeds to insert a shunt into the vessel phantom (a model of the blood vessel) with a chamfer tilt followed by a screw motion. Results suggest that AVSI achieves a high success rate even with tight tolerances and varying vessel orientations up to 30{\deg}. Supplementary material, dataset, videos, and visualizations can be found at https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/autolab-avsi